Hacks of Electronics
Dual power supply circuit is the backbone of many electronic systems. Various circuits, especially those involving operational amplifiers, analog devices, and certain digital systems, require both positive and negative voltages to operate properly. This is where Dual Power Supply Circuits come into play. They provide symmetrical voltages (like +12V and -12V, +15V and -15V, etc.) […]
With water scarcity becoming a global concern and agriculture demanding optimal water usage, smart irrigation systems have emerged as a sustainable solution. This article presents a Smart IoT-Based Automatic Irrigation System built using an ESP32 microcontroller, soil moisture sensor, water pump, and Blynk IoT platform for real-time monitoring and control. This system automates irrigation by […]
A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) using 555 timer is an oscillator whose output frequency is directly dependent on the input control voltage. VCOs are widely used in communication systems, tone generators, frequency modulation (FM), and various signal processing applications. One of the simplest and most economical ways to build a VCO is by using the […]
An Astable Multivibrator is an essential oscillator circuit in electronics, used to generate continuous square wave signals without any external triggering. It is called “astable” because it has no stable state — both transistors in the circuit keep switching ON and OFF alternately, producing a continuous flip-flop output. In this article, we will explore a […]
Creating a wireless remote-control car using 433MHz RF modules is a classic electronics project. This guide explores a fully functional DIY 433MHz RF Remote Control Car Circuit using the HT12E/HT12D encoder-decoder pair, STX882/SRX882 RF modules, L293D motor driver, and BC557C transistors. We’ll also delve deep into how the transistors and diodes manage motor control and […]
In this article, we will explore the construction and working of a digital voltmeter circuit using the ICL7107, including how to measure both AC and DC voltages, how to calibrate the device, and an analysis of its advantages, limitations, and real-world applications. Digital voltmeters have become an essential part of electronics laboratories, industrial equipment, and […]